AP Science Classes

Regular daily life in high school is packed with academic responsibilities, from coursework to extracurriculars. It’s no wonder that big decisions (like choosing the right classes for your next semester) can feel incredibly daunting! When it comes to AP science classes, the variety of options can make it tricky to decide which one is the best fit for your interests and goals.

Considering an AP science course but unsure which to take? With multiple subjects and varying levels of complexity, it’s important to understand what these courses offer—and how they can prepare you for college and beyond.

In this guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about AP science classes, including overviews of each course, who they’re best suited for, and the benefits they offer. By the end, you’ll have a clear picture of which AP science class aligns with your academic and career aspirations, along with strategies to excel and stand out on your college applications.

AP Science: The Full Scoop

Ready to dive into the world of AP science courses? We’ll start by reviewing all your AP science options, breaking down the key topics covered in each. Then, we’ll highlight the benefits of taking AP science classes to help you succeed.

Whether you’re considering AP Biology, AP Chemistry, AP Physics, or AP Environmental Science, this guide is here to equip you with the tools you need to thrive academically and pursue your future in STEM.

AP Science Classes Overview

The College Board offers a variety of AP science courses, each designed to challenge students and provide a college-level academic experience in high school. Here’s an overview of the seven AP science classes currently available:

• Biology
• Chemistry
• Environmental Science
• Physics 1: Algebra-Based
• Physics 2: Algebra-Based
• Physics C: Mechanics
• Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism

As you may expect, each course provides unique opportunities to deepen your understanding of scientific topics while simultaneously preparing you for rigorous college-level coursework. 

Which AP Science Class Should I Take?

Let’s dive into the details! For more specifics, you can always learn more about these classes directly on the College Board APStudents site. 

1. AP Biology

AP Biology explores the core scientific principles, theories, and processes governing living organisms and biological systems. The curriculum covers topics such as evolution, cellular processes, genetics, information transfer, ecology, and interactions. Students engage in inquiry-based investigations to develop their understanding of biological concepts.

2. AP Chemistry

AP Chemistry provides a foundation in chemical principles and inquiry-based learning. Key topics include atomic structure, intermolecular forces and bonding, chemical reactions, kinetics, thermodynamics, and equilibrium. Laboratory investigations play a crucial role in reinforcing theoretical concepts.

3. AP Environmental Science

This course examines the interrelationships of the natural world, identifying and analyzing environmental problems, both natural and human-made. It covers ecosystems, biodiversity, pollution, climate change, and resource management. Fieldwork and laboratory investigations are integral components of the curriculum.

4. AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based

AP Physics 1 is an introductory, algebra-based course in general physics. Major areas of study include Newtonian mechanics, work, energy, power, mechanical waves, sound, and simple circuits. The course emphasizes developing scientific reasoning and problem-solving skills through inquiry-based learning.

5. AP Physics 2: Algebra-Based

A continuation of AP Physics 1, this course covers fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, optics, and atomic and nuclear physics. It maintains an emphasis on inquiry-based learning and developing critical thinking skills.

6. AP Physics C: Mechanics

This calculus-based course focuses on kinematics, Newton’s laws of motion, work, energy, power, systems of particles, linear momentum, circular motion, and rotation. It is designed for students interested in pursuing physical science or engineering in college.

7. AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism

Also calculus-based, this course delves into electrostatics, conductors, capacitors, dielectrics, electric circuits, magnetic fields, and electromagnetism. It is often taken after AP Physics C: Mechanics and is suited for students planning to major in engineering or physical sciences.

Bonus: 8. AP Psychology

AP Psychology introduces students to the systematic and scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. The course covers topics such as biological bases of behavior, cognition, development, motivation, personality, psychological disorders, and treatment. Students learn to apply psychological concepts and principles to real-world situations and prepare for the AP exam’s multiple-choice and free-response sections.

Keep in mind:

AP science classes aren’t just for aspiring scientists or engineers—they also add value for students pursuing non-STEM pathways. For example:

• Environmental Science can benefit students interested in policy, sustainability, or urban planning.
• Psychology offers insights for careers in education, business, or healthcare.
• Biology provides foundational knowledge for students pursuing interdisciplinary majors like public health or bioethics.

As you choose, think about how these courses align with your broader academic and career goals, even if they’re outside of traditional STEM fields.

In summary, each of these AP science courses offers rigorous curricula designed to prepare students for college-level studies. When choosing the right course, consider your interests, academic strengths, and future career aspirations.

Help! How Do I Choose?

Choosing the right AP science class depends on your interests, strengths, and long-term academic goals. With multiple courses to pick from, here are some factors to help you decide:

Your Interests and Career Goals

• If you’re fascinated by living organisms and ecosystems, AP Biology or AP Environmental Science might be a great fit.
• For students passionate about chemistry and its role in the natural world, AP Chemistry is a solid choice.
• If you’re leaning toward physics, consider starting with AP Physics 1 before moving to AP Physics 2 or the more advanced AP Physics C courses, which are ideal for aspiring engineers or physical scientists.
• Interested in understanding human behavior and cognition? AP Psychology provides a strong foundation in social science and mental processes.

Your Math Skills

• AP Physics 1 and 2 require algebra, while AP Physics C courses demand a solid grasp of calculus. If math isn’t your strong suit, you may want to start with one of the algebra-based physics courses.
• AP Chemistry also relies on mathematical concepts for stoichiometry and equations, so comfort with basic algebra is essential.

Current Schedule and Workload

Here’s a key reminder from our college counselors: AP science courses are time-intensive, particularly those with lab components. When planning your schedule, avoid overloading yourself with too many AP courses in a single semester. Balance rigorous classes with extracurricular activities and personal time to prevent burnout. Perhaps, even consider spreading AP science classes across multiple years to maintain focus and high performance in each.

Striking the right balance will help you excel academically while preserving your overall well-being.

• AP science classes are rigorous and time-intensive, especially those with lab components like AP Biology, AP Chemistry, and AP Physics. Consider how these will fit with your overall academic and extracurricular commitments.
• If you’re looking for a lighter but still valuable AP science option, AP Environmental Science might be a good starting point.

Course Prerequisites

Many AP science courses recommend (or require) prior coursework in foundational subjects. For example, AP Chemistry often requires a year of high school chemistry, and AP Physics C benefits from prior physics and calculus experience.

Students should consider the sequencing of their AP science classes to build on foundational knowledge. For example:

• Start with AP Biology or AP Environmental Science as these courses are often less math-intensive and provide a strong introduction to scientific principles.
• Progress to AP Chemistry or AP Physics 1, which require stronger analytical and problem-solving skills.
• For students aiming for STEM majors, finish with AP Physics C (Mechanics or Electricity and Magnetism) or AP Chemistry, which are the most advanced and calculus-based.

Basically, planning your science curriculum strategically can maximize your preparedness for college-level coursework.

College and Career Aspirations

Certain AP science courses align better with specific majors and careers. For example:

• Biology for pre-med, veterinary, or biology-related fields.
• Chemistry for pharmaceutical, chemistry, or medical research.
• Physics for engineering or technical sciences.
• Environmental Science for environmental policy, conservation, or sustainability careers.
• Psychology for psychology, social work, or human resources.

Combining Courses

• If you’re especially ambitious, you might consider taking multiple AP science classes across different years to build a diverse knowledge base. For example, pairing AP Biology with AP Psychology offers insights into both biological processes and human behavior.

AP Exams: Are They Required?

One of the key components of taking an AP science class is deciding whether or not to take the corresponding AP exam. While it’s not mandatory to sit for the AP exam, there are several compelling reasons to consider it.

Why Take the AP Exam?

• Earn College Credit: Many colleges and universities offer course credit or advanced placement for strong AP exam scores, potentially saving you time and money in college.
• Demonstrate Rigor: Taking the exam shows colleges that you’re serious about your academic pursuits and willing to challenge yourself at a college level. It also demonstrates a commitment to academic challenge, which is especially helpful for competitive universities.
• Boost Your Application: A high score can make your college application stand out, especially if the course aligns with your intended major, such as taking multiple AP physics courses for an engineering student.

However, taking an AP science course without earning a competitive grade or score can be a disadvantage, so choose wisely and prepare thoroughly.

What to Expect on AP Science Exams

Each AP science exam includes a mix of multiple-choice and free-response questions designed to test your understanding of key concepts and your ability to apply them. Here’s a general breakdown:

• Biology: Includes data interpretation, experimental design, and essay-style responses analyzing biological systems.
• Chemistry: Focuses on chemical calculations, conceptual reasoning, and lab-based scenarios.
• Physics (1, 2, and C): Exam questions emphasize problem-solving using formulas, theoretical applications, and data analysis.
• Environmental Science: Involves environmental case studies, data interpretation, and free-response questions tied to real-world ecological challenges.
• Psychology: Tests your grasp of psychological theories, case studies, and key terminology through both multiple-choice and short-answer questions.

You can also investigate past exams to see the kind of questions you may face, like this practice session on the College Board channel:

Should You Skip the AP Exam?

There are a few situations where skipping the exam might make sense:

• If the colleges on your list don’t accept AP credits for the specific course you’re taking.
• If you don’t feel fully prepared or confident in your ability to score well.

However, keep in mind that even attempting the exam demonstrates initiative and ambition.

How to Register for AP Exams

AP exams are typically administered each May. Students must register through their school’s AP coordinator by the fall deadline, usually in October. If you’re homeschooled or attend a school without an AP program, you can contact the College Board to arrange testing at a nearby school.

How to Study Successfully

Succeeding in AP science classes requires effective strategies. Here are a few golden rules to get you started. 

• Stay organized: Use a planner to track assignments, lab deadlines, and test dates.
• Utilize resources: Take advantage of online tools like Khan Academy, College Board practice exams, and AP review books.
• Form study groups: Collaborate with peers to tackle challenging concepts and lab reports.
• Communicate with teachers: Don’t hesitate to ask questions or seek extra help when needed.
• Consistency and proactive learning are key to mastering the material and excelling in AP science courses.

Big Picture: Benefits of Taking AP Science Classes

AP science classes are more than just challenging coursework—they offer a range of benefits that can support your academic and career aspirations. Here are some of the key advantages:

1. Strengthen Your College Applications

Admissions officers look for students who challenge themselves with rigorous courses. Successfully completing AP science classes signals that you’re prepared for college-level coursework and ready to handle academic challenges.

2. Earn College Credit

Many colleges and universities grant credit for high AP exam scores, allowing you to skip introductory courses or fulfill general education requirements. This can save time and money as you work toward your degree.

3. Explore Potential Career Paths

AP science classes offer an in-depth look at various fields, from biology and chemistry to environmental science and psychology. They can help you determine if you’re truly passionate about a subject before committing to it as a major or career path.

4. Build Valuable Skills

The rigorous nature of AP science courses develops essential academic skills such as:

• Analytical thinking and problem-solving.
• Laboratory techniques and research methods.
• Time management and study discipline.

5. Boost Your GPA

In many high schools, AP classes are weighted more heavily in GPA calculations. Earning a high grade in an AP science course can significantly enhance your overall GPA.

6. Stand Out for STEM Programs

If you’re aiming for a science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM) major, AP science classes provide a strong foundation. Many STEM programs specifically look for applicants with AP coursework in science and math.

7. Prepare for Future Coursework

AP science classes introduce you to the pace and rigor of college academics. They also give you a head start on the material you’ll encounter in introductory college courses, making the transition smoother.

8. Engage in Hands-On Learning

Most AP science classes incorporate laboratory work, experiments, and field studies. These activities allow you to apply theoretical knowledge in practical, real-world contexts, deepening your understanding.

9. Gain Recognition

Excelling in AP science classes can lead to academic honors such as AP Scholar Awards, which can further enhance your college applications.

10. Join a Global Community of Learners

By taking AP courses, you’re joining a network of motivated students from around the world who are pushing themselves academically. Engaging in this community can inspire and challenge you to reach your potential.

Unlocking AP Science Classes

Taking an AP science class is an excellent way to challenge yourself academically, explore potential career paths, and prepare for college-level coursework. Whether you’re interested in biology, chemistry, physics, environmental science, or psychology, these courses offer valuable opportunities to deepen your knowledge and develop critical thinking skills.

Many students believe AP science classes are only for the “best” students or those pursuing STEM. In reality:

• AP science courses are accessible to any motivated student willing to put in the effort.
• They can help undecided students explore potential interests.
• Even non-STEM majors can benefit from the critical thinking and problem-solving skills these courses develop.

In other words, don’t let misconceptions deter you from exploring the valuable opportunities AP science classes offer.

By carefully selecting the AP science class that aligns with your interests, career goals, and academic strengths, you can make the most of your high school experience. Remember, succeeding in an AP course requires organization, consistent effort, and a proactive approach to learning—but the rewards are worth it. Not only will these courses strengthen your college applications, but they can also earn you college credit, boost your GPA, and help you stand out in competitive STEM or social science programs.

Are you ready to take on the challenge of an AP science class? Start by exploring your options, planning your study strategies, and taking advantage of resources like study guides and practice exams. With determination and the tips provided in this guide, you’ll be well on your way to excelling in your chosen AP science course—and setting yourself up for future academic success.

Ready to take the next step toward college success?

Contact us at Empowerly today to schedule a consultation with one of our expert counselors. Whether you’re preparing for AP classes, applying to competitive colleges, or planning your career path, we’re here to help you achieve your goals.